Guide to Designing a Graphic 3-D Model

With graphic 3-D models increasingly becoming common features in our day-to-day lives, it is not surprising that you are interested in knowing how to design the models. The main methods of creating graphic 3D models include 3D modeling and 3-D scanning. However, designers are more inclined toward 3D-modelling techniques as opposed to 3-D scanning since they enable you to create models from scratch. Below are the 3D modeling techniques that you can use to design 3D models using specialized 3D modeling software:

I. Parametric Modeling

Parametric 3D modeling, also known as CAD (Computer-Aided Design) is the most common technique for designing graphic 3D models. Normally, you can utilize the technique by use of easy graphic design software like Envision. evONE by Canvas GFX. This technique is vastly used by designers and engineers to build realistic models that reflect future objects. Therefore, you can use this modeling technique if you are trying to design objects that mimic real-world behavior. The best thing about this technique of creating 3-D models is that model attributes are interlinked, allowing you to change features automatically. For instance, if you need to modify a 3-D solid, you can do so with one parameter (either height, width, or length) and the other parameters will automatically adjust.

Generally, parametric graphic models are derived from a set of mathematical equations. Therefore, to create a 3-D model using the parametric technique, you have to link your model to information from a real project. Consequently, the viability of the modeling solution will be based on your information examination techniques. The common parametric representation models include the following:

•Boundary Representation (BR): In boundary representation (BR), the solid model is formed by defining surfaces that form spatial boundaries like edges and points of the model. Hence, you can represent the solid as a collection of the connected elements that define the boundary between exterior and interior points. Eventually, you can create the model by joining the spatial points.

•Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG): In constructive solid geometry a model is created by combining basic (primitive) and generated solid shapes by use of Boolean operations. In this case, you may assemble two primitives into a larger one, you can carve space from a primitive and also determine the intersection of the two objects.

II. Polygonal modeling

Polygonal modeling techniques are often used by designers who are specialized in creating video games and sci-fi movies. The technique involves the approach of recreating objects by use of polygon meshes. To create a polygonal model, you will have to first build polygons in flat 2-D shapes, quads, or triangles and modify them to a 3D mesh. Normally, each shape is defined by a flat shape which is defined by the position of the connecting edges and vertices. Unlike parametric modeling, polygonal modeling relies heavily on your concept rather than the measurements of the model. Consequently, polygonal modeling has often been ideal for designers who are more particular about the visualization rather than the precision of the object.

III. Digital Sculpting

Digital sculpting, also referred to as sculpting modeling or 3D sculpting is used by artists to create characters and objects in animation movies and games. The technique is often likened to real-life sculpting with materials like stone or clay. Generally, digital sculpting is used in creating realistic objects that have smooth and organic shapes. In addition, the technique is used in creating prototype models for sketches, design, and 3D printing.

To effectively create objects by digital sculpting, you have to use 3D-modelling software with tools and brushes that will help you mold the sculptures and mimic real-life objects and textures. Normally the techniques employ a multi-layer process that starts with a simple shape or a basic model completed in a 3D modeling application. In the first layer(blocking), you have to define the basic features and silhouette of the object. Once you are satisfied with the outcome, you can subdivide the geometry of the object to add more details. You will then continue to manipulate the object and add details to your character until you achieve the desired look. The manipulations may include texture and imperfections on the model.

In a nutshell, you can design 3D models using different techniques by the use of 3D modeling software. However, it is important to note that different 3D Modelling software offers different modeling applications. Hence, you have to accurately select a software that best suits your 3-D modeling needs to achieve your modeling goals.